Pemberian Ice Bag Dikombinasikan dengan Pengaturan Posisi Post Percutaneus Coronary Intervention pada Pasien SKA yang Mengalami Back Pain
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32583/pskm.v13i2.921Keywords:
back pain, ice bag, pengaturan posisi, percutaneus coronary interventionAbstract
Sindrom Koroner Akut (SKA) merupakan suatu masalah kardiovaskular yang utama karena menyebabkan angka perawatan rumah sakit dan angka kematian yang tinggi. Sebagian besar SKA adalah manifestasi akut dari plak ateroma pembuluh darah koroner yang koyak atau pecah. Terapi reperfusi (sebisa mungkin berupa Percutaneus Coronary Intervention primer) diindikasikan apabila terdapat bukti klinis maupun EKG adanya iskemia yang sedang berlangsung, bahkan bila gejala telah ada lebih dari 12 jam yang lalu atau jika nyeri dan perubahan EKG tampak tersendat. Komplikasi mikrovaskuler sering dialami pada pasien setelah tindakan PCI yaitu nyeri pada daerah punggung atau back pain. Beberapa tindakan non farmakologi antara lain pemberian ice bag dan pengaturan posisi.Studi ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui penerapan ice bag dan pengaturan posisi untuk mengurangi back pain pada pasien post PCI. Metode yang digunakan adalah literature review. Pencarian artikel didapatkan dari Pubmed, Science Direct, Google Scholar dalam rentang waktu 2014-2022 dengan kata kunci “Percutaneus Coronary Intervention and Nursing” or “Percutaneus Coronary Intervention and Intrevention Nursing” or “Percutaneus Coronary Intervention and cold pack” or or “Percutaneus Coronary Intervention and positioning” or “Percutaneus Coronary Intervention and back pain” or “Comfort in care nursing and PCI” or “Comfort theory Kolcaba” didapatkan 1129 artikel. Pencarian artikel disesuaikan dengan kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi selanjutnya dilakukan review dengan hasil terdapat 20 artikel yang masuk dalam analisa untuk dilakukan tinjauan literature. Artikel-artikel tersebut menjelaskan efektifitas pemberian kompres dingin : cold pack dan pengaturan posisi pada pasien post PCI dengan cara menghambat perjalanan syaraf berdiameter kecil dalam menghantarkan rangsang nyeri. Simpulan dari studi di atas adalah ice bag dan pengaturan posisi efektif untuk menurunkan nyeri punggung pada pasien post PCI.
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