Standarisasi dan Pemisahan Pigmen Ekstrak Etanol Daun Selada Merah (Lactuca Sativa Var Crispa L.)”
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32583/far.v13i2.2254Keywords:
kromatografi, Lactuca sativa, selada merah, standarisasiAbstract
Penggunaan selada merah sebagai sumber nutrisi dan bahan baku obat tradisional memerlukan proses standarisasi. Standarisasi dilakukan dengan pengujian pada ekstrak etanol daun selada merah (EESM). Penelitian yang dilakukan yaitu pengujian parameter spesifik dan non spesifik, serta pemisahan pigmen dalam EESM. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis parameter kualitas mutu EESM. Metode ekstraksi yang digunakan maserasi dengan etanol 70% selama 3 hari dan 1 hari remaserasi. EESM diuji parameter spesifik meliputi: identitas, organoleptik ekstrak, senyawa terlarut dalam pelarut air dan etanol, kandungan kimia kualitatif, dan kadar flavonoid, sedangkan parameter non spesifik meliputi: susut pengeringan, penetapan kadar air, berat jenis, kadar abu total, kadar abu tidak larut asam. Pemisahan pigmen dalam EESM menggunakan kromatografi kolom dengan fase diam alumina dan perbedaan rasio fase gerak yaitu petroleum eter:aseton (90:10); (80:20); (75:25). Hasil standarisasi yang didapatkan menyatakan bahwa EESM memiliki kadar flavonoid (8,41±0,368 mgQE/g) kadar senyawa larut air (29,75±0,777%), senyawa larut etanol (14,641±0,367%), susut pengeringan (10,401±0,466%), kadar air (7,508±0,399%), kadar abu total (3,751 ±0,433%), kadar abu tidak larut asam (0,141 ±0,035%), dan berat jenis (1,001±0,012 g/mL). EESM terdapat flavonoid, alkaloid, tanin, saponin, dan triterpenoid. Pemisahan berdasarkan warna dengan pelarut tertentu menghasilkan pemisahan empat warna pada pelarut eter:aseton (90:10), tujuh warna pada pelarut eter:aseton (80:20), enam warna pada pelarut eter:aseton (75:25).
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