Pengobatan Tecovirimat dan Brindocivir untuk Virus Cacar Monyet
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32583/far.v12i3.1257Keywords:
brindocivir, cacar monyet, tecovirimatAbstract
Penyakit cacar monyet bersifat endemik dan normal terbatas pada Afrika Barat dan Tengah. Namun kasus baru telah dilaporkan di berbagai negara Asia dan Asia Tenggara. Sebagai negara yang bukan merupakan endemic kasus cacar monyet, ahli farmasi di Indonesia belum memiliki banyak informasi terkait penggunaan obat antivirusuntuk kasus cacar monyet. tinjauan sistematis ini diharapkan dapat menjadi bahan pertimbangan dan pengkayaan dalam bidang farmasi di Indonesia untuk mewaspasai penyakit endemic Afrika yang mulai menyebar ke kawasan Asia. Artikel dicari melalui basis data sejak Juni - Agustus 2022 melalui database PUBMED, Science direct, The Journal of Infectious Disease dan Google Scholar. Tidak ada upaya dari penulis untuk mencari secara spesifik artikel-artikel yang tidak terpublikasi. Kata kunci yang digunakan antara lain: “human monkepox” yang dikombinasikan dengan “monkepox [Mesh]” AND “Treatment”, “Tecovirimat”, “Brincidofovir”). Design studi yang digunakan adalah clinical trial. Data yang telah tersaring disajikan dalam tabel alur sesuai denan item PRISMA. Terdapat 6 artikel yang sesuai dengan kriteria inklusi. Tecovirimat (per oral / intravena) diberikan mulai dari dosis 200mg – 6oo mg selama 14 hari dengan catatan pemberian bersama repaglinide mungkin menyebabkan hipoglikemia. Brindocivir diberikan mulai dari 4 mg – 200 mg dan tidak direkomendasikan untuk wanita hamil. Penggunaan Tecovirimat lebih sering diuji dan telah menjanjikan efek terapeutik yang baik pada hewan coba taupun dosis pada manusia. Hal ini yang menyebabkan penggunaan tecovirimat diterima pada tahun 2022 dibandingkan Brindocivir.
References
Atmojo, J. T., Iswahyuni, S., Rejo, R., Setyorini, C., Puspitasary, K., Ernawati, H., ... & Mubarok, A. S. (2020). Penggunaan masker dalam pencegahan dan penanganan covid-19: rasionalitas, efektivitas, dan isu terkini. Avicenna: Journal of Health Research, 3(2).
Atmojo, J. T., Maylanda, V. E., Prastiwi, A. T., Darmayanti, A. T., & Kuntari, S. (2019). Faktor-Faktor yang Memengaruhi Ketahanan Hidup Pasien HIV/AIDS: A review. Jurnal Informasi Kesehatan Indonesia, 5(2), 159-164.
Beer, E.M. & Bhargavi Rao, V., 2019. A systematic review of the epidemiology of human monkeypox outbreaks and implications for outbreak strategy. PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, 13(10).
Berhanu, A. et al., 2015. Treatment with the smallpox antiviral tecovirimat (ST-246) alone or in combination with ACAM2000 vaccination is effective as a postsymptomatic therapy for monkeypox virus infection. Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, 59(7), pp.4296–4300.
Bunge, E.M. et al., 2022. The changing epidemiology of human monkeypox—A potential threat? A systematic review. PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, 16(2).
Chittick, G. et al., 2017. Short-term clinical safety profile of brincidofovir: A favorable benefit–risk proposition in the treatment of smallpox. Antiviral Research, 143, pp.269–277.
Doshi, R.H. et al., 2019. Epidemiologic and ecologic investigations of Monkeypox, Likouala department, Republic of the Congo, 2017. Emerging Infectious Diseases, 25(2), pp.273–281.
Duraffour, S. et al., 2015. ST-246 is a key antiviral to inhibit the viral F13L phospholipase, one of the essential proteins for orthopoxvirus wrapping. Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy, 70(5), pp.1367–1380.
Esparza, J. et al., 2020. Early smallpox vaccine manufacturing in the United States: Introduction of the “animal vaccine” in 1870, establishment of “vaccine farms”, and the beginnings of the vaccine industry. Vaccine, 38(30), pp.4773–4779.
Grosenbach, D.W. et al., 2018. Oral Tecovirimat for the Treatment of Smallpox. New England Journal of Medicine, 379(1), pp.44–53.
Hahne, 2009. Progressive Vaccinia in a Military Smallpox Vaccinee–United States, 2009. Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal, 28(9), p.800.
Harapan, H. et al., 2020. Knowledge of human monkeypox viral infection among general practitioners: a cross-sectional study in Indonesia. Pathogens and Global Health, 114(2), pp.68–75.
Hirao, L.A. et al., 2011. Multivalent smallpox DNA vaccine delivered by intradermal electroporation drives protective immunity in nonhuman primates against lethal monkeypox challenge. Journal of Infectious Diseases, 203(1), pp.95–102.
Israely, T. et al., 2012. A single cidofovir treatment rescues animals at progressive stages of lethal orthopoxvirus disease. Virology Journal, 9.
Jordan, R. et al., 2009. ST-246 antiviral efficacy in a nonhuman primate monkeypox model: Determination of the minimal effective dose and human dose justification. Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, 53(5), pp.1817–1822.
Lanier, R. et al., 2010. Development of CMX001 for the treatment of poxvirus infections. Viruses, 2(12), pp.2740–2762.
Leeds, J.M. et al., 2013. Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic modeling to determine the dose of ST-246 to protect against smallpox in humans. Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, 57(3), pp.1136–1143.
Ostergaard, S.D. et al., 2021. Pharmacokinetics and Ef fi cacy of a Potential Smallpox Model. mSphere, (September 2020), pp.1–15.
Parker, S. et al., 2012. Evaluation of disease and viral biomarkers as triggers for therapeutic intervention in respiratory mousepox - An animal model of smallpox. Antiviral Research, 94(1), pp.44–53.
Petersen, B.W. et al., 2016. Use of Vaccinia Virus Smallpox Vaccine in Laboratory and Health Care Personnel at Risk for Occupational Exposure to Orthopoxviruses — Recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP), 2015. MMWR. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report, 65(10), pp.257–262.
Petersen, E. et al., 2019. Human Monkeypox: Epidemiologic and Clinical Characteristics, Diagnosis, and Prevention. Infectious Disease Clinics of North America, 33(4), pp.1027–1043.
Reynolds, M.G. et al., 2017. Improving the care and treatment of monkeypox patients in low-resource settings: Applying evidence from contemporary biomedical and smallpox biodefense research. Viruses, 9(12).
Rice, A.D. et al., 2011. Efficacy of CMX001 as a post exposure antiviral in New Zealand white rabbits infected with rabbitpox virus, a model for orthopoxvirus infections of humans. Viruses, 3(1), pp.47–62.
Rizk, J.G. et al., 2022. Prevention and Treatment of Monkeypox. Drugs, 82(9), pp.957–963. Available at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35763248.
Russo, A.T. et al., 2021. An overview of tecovirimat for smallpox treatment and expanded anti-orthopoxvirus applications. Expert Review of Anti-Infective Therapy, 19(3), pp.331–344.
Russo, A.T. et al., 2018. Effects of treatment delay on efficacy of tecovirimat following lethal aerosol monkeypox virus challenge in cynomolgus macaques. Journal of Infectious Diseases, 218(9), pp.1490–1499.
Shannon Keckler, M. et al., 2020. Imvamune® and acam2000® provide different protection against disease when administered postexposure in an intranasal monkeypox challenge prairie dog model. Vaccines, 8(3), pp.1–23.
Simpson, K. et al., 2020. Human monkeypox – After 40 years, an unintended consequence of smallpox eradication. In Vaccine. pp. 5077–5081.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2023 Andriani Noerlita Ningrum, Indarto Indarto, Yesi Ihdina Fityatal Hasanah, Aquartuti Tri Darmayanti, Aris Widiyanto, Aris Widiyanto, Hakim Anasulfalah, Joko Tri Atmojo
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
