Pengaruh Interaksi Obat dan ADR Antiretroviral dengan Tingkat Kepatuhan Minum Obat Pasien HIV
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32583/far.v13i2.2255Keywords:
adverse drug reaction, HIV-AIDS, interaksi obat, terapi antiretroviralAbstract
Indonesia merupakan negara dengan penyebaran HIV/AIDS tercepat di antara lima negara Asia Tenggara. Orang yang terinfeksi HIV saat ini ingin memulai pengobatan ARV tidak lebih dari tiga pil per hari di mana mereka biasanya meminumnya sekali sehari. Manajemen kepatuhan dan interaksi obat diperlukan untuk menjaga konsentrasi ARV untuk mencegah replikasi virus. Kepatuhan ARV di Indonesia masih di bawah 95%. Terapi antiretroviral harus seumur hidup tanpa henti karena sekali dihentikan, jika pasien berhenti minum obat, maka HIV akan bertambah jumlahnya. Oleh karena itu, kami meninjau dampak interaksi obat dan ADR ARV terhadap kepatuhan pengobatan. Tujuan penelitian Untuk mengetahui pengaruh interaksi obat dan adr antiretroviral dengan tingkat kepatuhan minum obat pasien hiv. Metode penelitian Dilakukan dengan menggunakan pencarian Pubmed dan google scholar artikel dari tahun 2012 hingga 2022, dengan kata kunci sebagai berikut: HIV/AIDS, interaksi obat, efek samping obat, efek samping, kepatuhan, kepatuhan, ARV. Ada 23 makalah dari google scholar dan 18 makalah dari Pubmed disaring relevansinya dan dipertimbangkan untuk ditinjau lebih lanjut. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian pada tahun 2012 sampai tahun 2022 bahwa kepatuhan minum obat antiretroviral berpengaruh nyata pada pasien dengan penyakit penyerta. Efek samping obat timbul karena penggunaan obat lain bersamaan dengan obat antiretroviral. kepatuhan minum obat ARV lebih dari tiga tahun, 90% memiliki kepatuhan optimal. Penelitian di Malang menyatakan kepatuhan ODHA berada pada tingkat sedang yaitu 60%. Sementara di Papua, 10 perempuan pengidap HIV patuh minum obat dari 20 pasien perempuan pengidap HIV. Studi menunjukkan bahwa kemanjuran obat ARV pada pasien HIV secara signifikan mempengaruhi kepatuhan minum obat. Selain khasiat obat ARV, munculnya efek samping jangka panjang pada pasien HIV dengan hipertensi dan gagal ginjal kronis membuat angka kepatuhan minum obat ARV lebih tinggi 78% dibandingkan obat antihipertensi kronis yang mencapai 68%. Ketidakpatuhan juga dapat dipengaruhi oleh konsumsi alkohol, mariyuana, dan kokain.
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