Efektifitas Aerobik dan Yoga dalam Meningkatkan Kualitas Hidup pada ODHA
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32583/keperawatan.v15i2.933Keywords:
aerobik, kualitas hidup, odha, yogaAbstract
Kualitas hidup pada ODHA sangat penting karena sangat berpengaruh terhadap proses pembentukan imun. Infeksi HIV tidak hanya mempengaruhi sistem kekebalan tubuh saja tetapi terdapat dampak pada sistem muskuloskeletal. Masalah otot seperti myalgia terjadi dua kali lebih sering pada ODHA dengan atau tanpa pengobatan. Tujuan sistematik review ini adalah untuk melihat bagaimana efektifitas aerobik dan yoga sebagai suatu upaya untuk meningkatkan kualitas hidup pada ODHA. Metode yang digunakan yaitu menggunakan electronic data base dari jurnal yang telah dipublikasikan melalui SAGE Journals, SpringerLink, ResearchGate dan Taylor & Francis. Kriteria inklusi ditetapkan yaitu artikel berbahasa inggris atau bahasa indonesia pada populasi ODHA usia dewasa. Total artikel yang didapatkan awal dari seluruh database adalah 2.767 artikel, setelah dilakukan skrining sesuai kriteria inklusi didapatkan enam artikel dengan berbagai jenis desain penelitian yang diterbitkan antara tahun 2018 sampai 2023. Hasil review dari enam artikel menyatakan bahwa aerobik maupun yoga sama-sama dapat meningkatkan kualitas hidup pada ODHA namun keduanya memiliki manfaat yang berbeda. Bagi ODHA yang tidak dapat mengikuti aerobik karena detak jantung yang tidak mempuni, maka yoga adalah opsi yang dapat dilakukan untuk tetap meningkatkan kualitas hidup. Kesimpulan, aerobik dan yoga merupakan upaya yang dapat dilakukan para ODHA dalam meningkatkan kualitas hidupnya pada masa kini. Aerobik berfokus pada olah gerak serta latihan kekuatan dan mempertahankan komposisi tubuh sehingga ODHA dapat memiliki kesehatan yang maksimal, sedangkan yoga merupakan kegiatan positif yang didasari dalam berfikir serta mengolah pernafasan dan ternyata berfungsi juga dalam memperbaiki postur tubuh. Latihan aerobik maupun yoga dapat dilakukan secara kontinyu dan minimal dilakukan dalam 4 minggu untuk menghasilkan peningkatan kualitas hidup pada ODHA.
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