Mikoprotein dan Diabetes Tipe 2: Tinjauan Sistematis terhadap Kontrol Glikemik
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32583/keperawatan.v15i4.2057Keywords:
kadar glukosa, kadar insulin, kontrol glikemik, mikoprotein, sensitivitas insulinAbstract
Prevalensi diabetes melitus diperkirakan mencapai 12,2% (783,2 juta otang) pada tahun 2045 dan diabetes melitus tipe 2 menyumbang 96% dari total penderita diabetes melitus di dunia. Asupan zat gizi dan diet perlu diperhatikan pada penderita diabetes tipe-2 agar glikemik tetap terkontrol. Mikoprotein menjadi salah satu sumber makanan tinggi serat dan tinggi protein yang memiliki pengaruh terhadap kontrol glikemik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh mikoprotein terhadap kontrol glikemik. Metode yang dilakukan menggunakan jenis penelitian tinjauan sistematis (systematic review) dari berbagai artikel penelitian dengan kriteria inklusi yang ditetapkan. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa kandungan mikoprotein dapat menurunkan kadar glukosa, kadar insulin, dan meningkatkan sensitivitas insulin. Walaupun, tidak menunjukkan nilai signifikan secara konsisten. Sementara itu, kandungan tinggi nukleotida pada mikoprotein justru berdampak baik pada kontrol glikemik meskipun terbukti meningkatkan kadar asam urat. Kesimpulan penelitian ini adalah mikoprotein memiliki peran dalam kontrol glikemik meskipun tidak menghasilkan perbedaan signifikan secara konsisten dengan sampel lain.
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