Gambaran Pengetahuan Orang Tua tentang Kekerasan Seksual Anak: Studi Literatur
Keywords:
kekerasan seksual anak, orangtua, pengetahuanAbstract
Kekerasan seksual anak merupakan masalah kesehatan sekaligus pelanggaran hak anak yang terjadi secara luas. Orang tua sebagai orang terdekat anak mempunyai peran vital dalam pencegahan dan penanganannya. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengkaji gambaran pengetahuan orang tua tentang kekerasan seksual anak. Metode penelitian yaitu narrative review. Pencarian literatur dilakukan melalui 5 database dengan kata kunci child sexual abuse, parent, dan knowledge. Sebanyak 59.672 artikel diseleksi menggunakan kriteria inklusi menghasilkan 13 artikel dan dinilai menggunakan JBI critical appraisal tools menghasilkan 10 artikel dengan rentang tahun 2006-2019. Berdasarkan studi literatur, 1 artikel menyebutkan orang tua berpengetahuan baik, 4 artikel cukup, dan 3 artikel kurang tentang kekerasan seksual anak serta 2 artikel baik dan 1 artikel kurang tentang tanda kekerasan seksual anak. Pengetahuan orang tua mengenai definisi dalam rentang 100%-89,1%, faktor yang mempengaruhi rentang 63%-17%, faktor risiko korban rentang 90,3%-36,8%, bentuk rentang 45,86%-20,3%, indikator tanda emosional/perilaku rentang 89,6%-26% dan tanda fisik/seksual rentang 53%-3,75%, dampak sebanyak 100%, pelaku rentang 78,1%-11,5%, pencegahan rentang 96,9%-64,9%, serta pengungkapan rentang 98,4%-35,5%. Disimpulkan bahwa orang tua memerlukan informasi mengenai perilaku seksual normatif, perilaku pengawasan orang tua, pencegahan pada remaja, penargetan dan karakteristik pelaku, dan tanda fisik/seksual.
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