Metaanalisis Pengaruh Konstruk Modal Sosial: Partisipasi Sosial dan Kepercayaan Sosial terhadap Depresi pada Lansia
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32583/pskm.v15i2.3403Keywords:
depresi, kepercayaan sosial, lansia, modal sosial, partisipasi sosialAbstract
Era populasi global yang semakin menua, kesehatan mental lansia menjadi isu yang mendesak untuk diperhatikan. Depresi yang kini memengaruhi sekitar 7% dari populasi lansia di seluruh dunia, sering kali muncul akibat kurangnya partisipasi sosial dan kepercayaan antar individu. Tingginya angka kesepian dan isolasi yang dialami oleh banyak orang tua, sangat penting untuk memahami faktor-faktor yang dapat melindungi mereka dari risiko depresi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengestimasi pengaruh konstruk modal sosial (partisipasi sosial dan kepercayaan sosial) terhadap risiko depresi pada lansia. Penelitian ini merupakan metaanalisis dan telaah sistematis dengan menggunakan diagram PRISMA. Pencarian studi primer melalui beberapa indexing database diantaranya: PubMed, Google Cendekia, Scopus, dan ScienceDirect. Kata kunci yang digunakan untuk mempermudah pencarian artikel yaitu; “Social participation AND Social trust”, atau “Social capital construct”, atau “Social participation AND depression” atau “Social trust AND depression”. Kriteria inklusi penelitian ini adalah artikel yang terpublikasi menggunakan desain studi cross-sectional hingga tahun 2024, dengan 801 artikel yang ditemukan sedangkan artikel yang memenuhi kriteria sejumlah 11 artikel. Analisis statistik yang digunakan pada penelitian ini menggunakan program metaanalisis RevMan 5.4 dengan pendekatan fixed effect dan Random effect untuk menyajikan data berupa forest plot dan funnel plot. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa partisipasi sosial tinggi (aOR= 0.78; 95%CI= 0.61 hingga 1.00; p= 0.050) dan kepercayaan sosial yang tinggi (aOR= 0.52; 95%CI= 0.41 hingga 0.66; p<0.001) menurunkan risiko depresi pada lansia, dan keduanya secara statistik signifikan.
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